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Abstract

Language

en

Population

Healthy individuals aged 16 to 65 years, irrespective of influenza status in community-based studies in North America, South America, and Europe (1969 to 2009). Studies which had more than 25% of individuals outside the age range were excluded. Pregnant women were included together with their newborns. 52 clinical trials in over 80,000 people. Note 15 trials were industry funded (29%).

Outcomes

Population

Vaccines for preventing influenza in healthy children - Healthy children under 16 years of age in any geographical location. All participants were classified as healthy unless otherwise stated.. Studies that documented the inclusion of participants with chronic illnesses/conditions or immunodeficiency were excluded

Outcomes

Population

Elderly (people aged over 65) in community and residential care institutions in the USA and Europe during influenza seasons between 1965 and 2000 - Excluded studies assessing efficacy in selected groups affected by a specific chronic pathology (i.e. diabetes or cardiac disease), as we were interested in the whole population.

Outcomes

Population

Pregnant women - women aged between 18 and 38 years and having an estimated gestation between 20 and 36 weeks who tested negative for HIV were recruited at 4 antenatal clinics of Soweto, South Africa, during 2 consecutive epidemic seasons (March to August 2011 and March to July 2012). In all, 2116 women entered the study: 1062 were allocated to receive vaccine, 1054 to placebo. In addition, 1026 infants born from vaccinated mothers and 203 infants born from placebo recipients were enrolled

Outcomes

Population

People with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) - Included studies of adults with COPD, as defined by the American Thoracic Society (ATS 1995), or European Respiratory Society (Siafakas 1995). Also included studies with participants who were defined as having chronic bronchitis.

Outcomes

Population

Influenza vaccines in immunosuppressed adults with cancer

Outcomes

Population

Children and Adults with Cystic Fibrosis

Outcomes