Clinical management and infection prevention and control for mpox

Published by World Health Organization on Jun 9, 2025

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Abstract

Language

en

PICOS

PICO 10.1

Population
Health care workers
Intervention
Medical masks as a part of contact and droplet precautions
Comparator
Respirators in addition to contact and droplet precautions
Outcomes

PICO 10.1

Population
Person with non-severe mpox is being cared for at home
Intervention
Mpox patient isolated until all lesions are fully healed
Comparator
Mpox patient does not isolate when all non-healed lesions are covered and wears a medical mask
Outcomes

PICO 20.1

Population
Risk factors for severe disease or hospitalization in patients with mpox
Intervention
Comparator
Outcomes

PICO 20.1

Population
Patients with mpox and extensive skin lesions or exfoliation, but no clinical signs of bacterial cellulitis or secondary bacterial infection​
Intervention
Antibiotic therapy (oral/ topical)​
Comparator
Care without the use of antibiotic therapy​
Outcomes

PICO 20.2

Population
Risk factors for all-cause mortality in patients with mpox
Intervention
Comparator
Outcomes

PICO 30.1

Population
HIV with Mpox
Intervention
Delayed ART
Comparator
Early ART
Outcomes

PICO 40.1

Population
People with suspected or confirmed mpox without lesions on the breast who are breastfeeding their infant
Intervention
Continue breastfeeding and direct contact
Comparator
Stop breastfeeding and no direct contact
Outcomes

PICO 40.2

Population
People with suspected or confirmed mpox without lesions on the breast who are breastfeeding their infant
Intervention
Continue breastfeeding and no direct contact (expressed milk)
Comparator
Stop breastfeeding and no direct contact
Outcomes

PICO 40.3

Population
People with suspected or confirmed mpox with lesions on the breast who are breastfeeding their infant
Intervention
Continue breastfeeding and no direct contact (expressed milk)
Comparator
Stop breastfeeding and no direct contact
Outcomes

PICO 40.4

Population
People with suspected or confirmed mpox without lesions on the breast who are breastfeeding their infant
Intervention
Continue breastfeeding and direct contact
Comparator
Breastfeeding and no direct contact (expressed milk)
Outcomes

PICO 120.1

Population
Individuals with mpox virus infection confirmed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)
Intervention
Therapeutics used for the treatment of human mpox
Comparator
Placebo or standard care (supportive management and procedures required for specific symptoms and complications) or another study drug. 
Outcomes